Evaluation de l’activité antibactérienne, de sa sélectivité d’action et de la toxicité des extraits des racines de Chrysopogon nigritanus (Benth.) Veldkamp (1999)
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En RD Congo, la survenue des résistances bactériennes contraint à chercher des alternatives thérapeutiques dans la pharmacopée traditionnelle. Cette recherche concerne l’activité antibactérienne, la sélectivité et le niveau de sécurité biologique des extraits racinaires de Chrysopogon nigritanus, appelé localement « Ngongoli ». Le dépistage phytochimique met en évidence une concentration élevée en composés phénoliques, flavonoïdes, anthocyanes et tanins qui sont les agents actifs antibactériens. Les tests de biosécurité montrent une faible cytotoxicité in vitro (IC₅₀ > 1000μg/ml sur cellules Vero) et pas de létalité in vivo chez le rat (DL₅₀ > 2000mg/kg), bien qu'une dose élevée unique entraine une cytolyse hépatique légère. Ces résultats préliminaires de toxicologie confirment que la plante est sûre pour une application topique. Ce travail ouvre donc la voie pour le développement d’une formulation gynécologique locale, sûre et économique.
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