Mots-clés
antibiotiques
nanoparticules biogéniques
Kalanchoe pinnata
photodynamique
Comment citer
Résumé
La résistance aux antibiotiques constitue une menace mondiale majeure de santé publique, particulièrement préoccupante dans les contextes à ressources limitées. La présente étude visait (i) à évaluer le profil épidémiologique de la résistance bactérienne dans un contexte local, et (ii) à tester une approche innovante basée sur la synthèse de nanoparticules biogéniques de cuivre (NPs-Cu) issues de Kalanchoe pinnata. Une enquête microbiologique a identifié Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae et Enterobacter sp. comme principales souches résistantes, avec une sensibilité partielle à la nitrofurantoïne, la ciprofloxacine et la gentamicine. Les NPs-Cu, caractérisées par diffraction et fluorescence X, ont révélé la présence de Cu, Sr, Fe et Ca. Bien que leur action seule ait été limitée selon l’antibiogramme, leur combinaison avec la ciprofloxacine a significativement renforcé l’efficacité antibactérienne, notamment contre E. coli et K. pneumoniae. Par ailleurs, la méthode photodynamique a montré un potentiel accru des NPs-Cu, particulièrement lorsqu’elles étaient associées à un photosensibilisateur (5-Bromo-2-Nitrovanilline). Ces résultats suggèrent que K. pinnata peut constituer une source prometteuse de nanomatériaux synergiques avec certains antibiotiques et approches photodynamiques. Pour maximiser l’impact, il est recommandé : (1) de renforcer la surveillance nationale de la résistance bactérienne par des réseaux de laboratoires accrédités ; (2) d’intégrer les nanomatériaux verts dans des programmes de recherche translationnelle ; (3) de promouvoir des politiques de bon usage des antibiotiques afin de limiter les pressions sélectives ; et (4) de soutenir la recherche interdisciplinaire associant ethnopharmacologie et nanotechnologies dans la lutte contre les souches multirésistantes.
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