Biogenic synthesis of ZnO-Ag nanoparticles from the aqueous extract of Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Robinson (Asteraceae) leaves and inorganic precursors.
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In this study, pure and silver-doped (ZnO–Ag) ZnO nanoparticles were synthesised using a green method involving aqueous extract of Chromolaena odorata as a reducing and stabilising agent and inorganic precursors. Four dopant (silver) concentrations were studied: 0.0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75%. The biosynthesised nanoparticles were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) and EDX analysis. The XRD results confirmed the presence of hexagonal würtzite ZnO and a low-intensity peak corresponding to FCC silver for the doped nanoparticles. SEM and TEM images indicate that these nanoparticles are spherical in shape with good particle dispersion. FTIR spectroscopy also confirmed the presence of ZnO in all synthesised powders due to the presence of the band located between 800-450 cm-1, which is characteristic of (Zn−O) bonds in ZnO. The EDS spectra obtained confirmed the presence of pure or doped ZnO by illustrating the peaks related to zinc, oxygen and silver. All prepared samples absorb in the UV region with a shift of the absorption edge towards higher wavelengths for doped powders. These results highlight the significant influence of silver doping on the optical, structural and morphological properties of ZnO.
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