Mots-clés
diabète
ECBU
antibiorésistance
Kinshasa
Comment citer
Résumé
Le diabète est une maladie chronique fréquemment compliquée d’infections, notamment urinaires, du fait d’une immunité altérée et de troubles de la vidange vésicale. L’augmentation de l’antibiorésistance complique la prise en charge, en particulier en. Afrique. Actualiser les données sur la fréquence des infections urinaires chez les patients diabétiques à Kinshasa, identifier les germes en cause et décrire leur profil de résistance aux antibiotiques. Étude descriptive transversale menée au Centre Hospitalier AKRAM (Matete, Kinshasa) du 15 janvier au 20 novembre 2025 auprès de 125 patients diabétiques présentant des symptômes urinaires. Les urines (jet intermédiaire) ont été analysées par ECBU (culture et identification) et antibiogramme par diffusion en disque sur gélose Mueller-Hinton, interprété selon les normes CLSI/EUCAST. Les femmes représentaient 60,8 % des participants ; la tranche d’âge 46-60 ans était la plus fréquente (32 %). Les cultures étaient stériles dans 57,6 % des cas. Parmi les cultures positives, Escherichia coli était le germe le plus fréquent (17,6 %), suivi de Klebsiella pneumoniae (7,2 %) et Citrobacter diversus (6,4 %). Les souches présentaient 60,4 % de résistance aux antibiotiques. Les infections urinaires chez les diabétiques à Kinshasa restent fréquentes et dominées par les entérobactéries, avec un niveau élevé de résistance. L’ECBU et l’antibiogramme doivent précéder l’antibiothérapie, et des actions de bon usage des antibiotiques sont nécessaires.
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